随着经济衰退的担忧上升 这是房地产市场的下行趋势

导读 这些日子,无论何时你拿起一份报纸或打开新闻,一个可怕的词语都会打击你:经济衰退。德国已经在衰退的边缘徘徊;今年秋天从欧盟出来的一个

这些日子,无论何时你拿起一份报纸或打开新闻,一个可怕的词语都会打击你:“经济衰退。”德国已经在衰退的边缘徘徊;今年秋天从欧盟出来的一个不守规矩的出口可能会导致英国的一个出口; 

但是,虽然R字可能是那些记得 - 甚至经历过 - 大规模裁员,取消抵押品赎回权,以及最后一个市中心房价暴跌的人的触发器,但人们不应该感到恐慌。他们不应该期待另一场房地产销售。

realtor®的高级经济学家George Ratiu表示,“这将比上一次经济衰退时间短得多。”“我不认为下一次经济衰退将会重演2008年......房地产市场处于更好的位置。”

根据最近对全国商业经济协会200多名成员的调查,大约2%的经济学家,战略家,学者和政策制定者认为今年将开始经济衰退。38%的受访者认为其中一项将于2020年开始,而25%的受访者预计其中一项将于2021年开始.14%的人预计在2021年之后才能实现。

然而,特朗普似乎确信没有经济衰退的风险。在过去一周左右的时间里,他一直在推出一系列有关经济的正面推文。

当然,失业率徘徊在过去50年来的最低点。(然而,事实证明,2018年和2019年初的就业人数并没有之前报道的那么多。)工资正在增长,我们已进入美国历史上最长的经济扩张期。但是,未来两年的低迷仍然可能 - 特别是如果贸易战升温,进口商品的成本更高。这些增加的成本可能会传递给日常消费者。

房地产市场的风险抵押贷款和猖獗的投机行为被归咎于最后一次世界陷入金融危机。但是现在房地产不太可能是经济衰退的原因。

房价和销售会在经济衰退中暴跌吗?

有抱负的买家希望房价会崩溃,就像他们在大衰退期间所做的那样,可能会出现粗暴的觉醒。根本没有足够的房屋来满足大批买家的需求。随着千禧一代的更多成员希望单户住宅可以养育他们不断增长的家庭,不久之后就不会有需求下降。

但预期经济衰退本身可能会使住房短缺更加恶化。担心的卖家可能决定推迟上市,直到他们可以获得他们的财产的最高美元。

然而,尽管缺乏待售房屋通常会抬高价格,但如果能够买得起的人数减少,这种影响可能会减轻。在经济衰退时期,找到一份高薪工作或稳定的自由职业可能会变得更加困难。即使那些仍然有收益的人也可能担心他们的工作稳定性。

“如果我们确实陷入经济衰退,就会出现裁员,”全国房地产咨询公司Meyers Research的经济研究主管阿里沃尔夫说。“如果你从一个双收入家庭转变为一个收入家庭,它并没有改变你拥有的愿望。但它确实影响了这种能力。”

Realtor的Ratiu认为价格会趋于平缓,但可能不会下跌。他认为,与此同时,房屋销售数量也将持平或甚至可能下滑。

其他经济学家预计,经济衰退会对住房造成更大的影响。

沃尔夫说:“由于人们最后一次患有创伤后应激障碍,他们仍然害怕在错误的时间购买。”“但价格不可能像上次那样下跌50%。

“我们确实预计价格会小幅下跌,”她继续道。该国最贵的地区,价格涨幅最大,可能会出现最大的价格调整。她预测,销售额可能下降10%至20%。

奢侈品市场已经看到价格下跌。这些高端住宅通常在100万美元以上,通常被认为是更大的住房市场的领头羊。

根据Freddie Mac的数据,截至周四,抵押贷款利率为30年固定利率贷款的利率为3.55%。如果它们继续下跌,它可能会给房地产市场带来提振。这是因为低利率转化为较低的每月抵押贷款支付。

租金会变得更便宜吗?

那些希望降低租金价格的人也可能会感到失望。

“我们预计会产生一些影响,”RealPage的首席经济学家格雷格威利特(Greg Willett)表示。该公司是一家物业管理技术和分析公司。“但这不是厄运和沮丧。”

他预计未来几年公寓价格将从每年3%的速度放缓至更小的1.5%或2%的价格上涨。在不确定的经济时期,那些担心可能成为他们生活中最大的购买之地的家庭可能会缓冲租赁市场。那些人可能会决定住在租金中,直到经济再次蓬勃发展。

唯一的例外是豪华租赁市场。开发商可能不得不提供优惠(例如,免费月租)或稍微降低价格以吸引富裕的租户。但这不太可能渗透到租赁市场的中间甚至更低端。

建筑商是否会停止提供急需的新房?

经济衰退可能使建筑商更不愿意在新住宅上破土动工,特别是在沿海最昂贵的市场。

一年前,全国住宅建筑商协会首席经济学家罗伯特迪茨表示,大约10%的单户住宅建筑商向购买者提供了诸如合同折扣等激励措施。今天,大约有40%的人转向激励房屋销售。这不是一个好兆头。

建筑材料(如钢材)的关税已经使建筑物更加昂贵。建筑工人短缺严重限制了可以建造的房屋数量。经济衰退可能会使情况变得更糟。

迪茨说:“你将会有一些当地市场的房屋建筑业下滑。”“一些潜在的购房者可能会担心购买。”

经济衰退会刺激另一次止赎危机吗?

大萧条的标志之一是充斥着止赎房产的街区。有些人迅速卖给了勇敢的年轻家庭或投资者。然而,那些带有木板窗户和杂草丛生的院子的人很多都会破坏社区。失去一个家是对许多业主的毁灭性打击。

但如果出现经济衰退,止赎预计不会成为一个问题。在房地产泡沫破灭之后,贷款法律收紧了。所以现在只有最合格的借款人才能获得抵押贷款。

全国房地产经纪人协会(National AssociationofRealtors®)首席经济学家劳伦斯•尹(Lawrence Yun)表示,“这次我们不会有不良抵押贷款,只有失业人员。”

此外,如今房主拥有创纪录的房屋净值。这意味着失去工作且无法按月支付抵押贷款的房主更有可能将他们的房产投放市场,而不是进入取消抵押品赎回权。

随着房价预计将保持高位,更少的人会发现自己的抵押贷款处于水下。如果需要,这应该可以更容易卸下住宅。

与十多年前相比,今天更多人拥有自己的家园。根据Ratiu的说法,大约有四分之一的房主没有住房抵押贷款,相比之下,上次经济衰退发生时,有十分之三。

“取消抵押品赎回权肯定会增加,但仅仅是因为[取消抵押品赎回权的数量]已经处于最低点,”穆迪分析的高级经济学家Andres Carbacho-Burgos表示,他们专注于住房问题。他预计经济衰退将在今年年底或明年年初发生,并持续两到三个季度。

此外,Carbacho-Burgos预计,在经济衰退期间,家庭装修支出将持平。

他说,房屋翻新是导致房地产市场破灭的因素之一,预计会放缓。这是因为较慢的房价增长使投资者的利润减少。

Those hoping for rental prices to be slashed will probably be disappointed as well.

Greg Willett

"We expect a little bit of an impact,"says, chief economist at RealPage, a property management technology and analytics company for apartment buildings. "But it's not doom and gloom."

He expects apartment price hikes to slow from 3% annually to more minor 1.5% or 2% price increases over the next few years.The rental market is likely to be buffered by those nervous about making what could be the largest purchase of their lives, a home, in uncertain economic times. Those folks may decide to live in a rental until the economy is booming again.

The exception, again, is the luxury rental market. Developers may have to offer concessions (e.g., a free month's rent) or lower prices a little to attract wealthier tenants. But that isn't likely to trickle down to the middle or even lower end of the rental market.

Will builders stop putting up badly needed new homes?

A recession could make builders even more reluctant to break ground on new residences, particularly in the priciest markets on the coasts.

Robert Dietz

A year ago, about 10% of single-family home builders offered buyers incentives such as discounts to go under contract, says National Association of Home Builders Chief Economist. Today, about 40% are turning to incentives to spur home sales. That's not a good sign.

Tariffs on building materials such as steel are already making construction more expensive. And the construction worker shortage is severely limiting the number of homes that can be built. A downturn could make this worse.

"You'll [have] some local markets where home construction declines," says Dietz. “Some prospective home buyers could be concerned about making that purchase.”

Will a recession spur another foreclosure crisis?

One of the hallmarks of the Great Recession were the blocks littered with foreclosed properties. Some sold quickly to intrepid young families or investors. However, those with boarded-up windows and overgrown yards blighted many a neighborhood. And losing a home was a devastating blow to many owners.

But foreclosures aren't expected to be such a problem if a downturn occurs. Lending laws were tightened in the wake of the housing bubble bursting. So now only the most qualified borrowers can secure a mortgage.

Lawrence Yun

"This time we won’t have bad mortgages, just people who are losing jobs," says, chief economist of the National Association of Realtors®.

Plus, homeowners these days have a record amount of equity in their homes. That means homeowners who lose their job and are unable to make their monthly mortgage payments are much more likely to put their property on the market instead of going into foreclosure.

And with home prices expected to remain high, fewer folks will find themselves underwater on their mortgage. That should make it easier to unload the residences if need be.

And more people own their homes outright today than they did just over a decade ago. About 4 in 10 homeowners don't have a mortgage on their abode compared with 3 in 10 when the last recession occurred, according to Ratiu.

Andres Carbacho-Burgos

"Foreclosures will definitely increase, but only because [the number of] foreclosures are [already] at rock bottom,"says, a senior economist at Moody’s Analytics focused on housing. He expects a recession will happen at the end of this year or early next year, and last only two or three quarters.

In addition, Carbacho-Burgos expects home improvem

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